Recurring or early pregnancy loss occurs when a woman has three or more repeated miscarriages. In medical terms, it can be defined as the termination of a pregnancy before it reaches the first few weeks of gestation or where the fetus weighs below a kilogram. There are many causes of IVF failure, and this makes it difficult to know the exact causes of repeated miscarriages. Here are some of the potential causes and triggers for recurring miscarriages you should know:
Paternal Factors in Recurring Pregnancy Loss
Genetic Causes
A miscarriage can occur when a woman has an abnormal karyotype of the embryo. Karyotype is the appearance of the sizes, shapes, and numbers of a complete set of chromosomes. When any of the partners have chromosomal abnormalities, this can result in miscarriage. Chromosomal abnormalities occur because of spontaneous cell mutations and inherited genetic disorders.
Endocrine Issues
When you have diseases like polycystic ovarian syndrome, thyroid dysfunction, luteal phase defects, and diabetes, you are more likely to have a miscarriage. To treat the early miscarriage caused by endocrine issues, your doctor may recommend progesterone and ovulation induction medication. If you have any endocrine issues, visit a physician for treatment before conceiving or doing in vitro fertilization.
Hematological Causes
Defective microthrombi in the placental vasculature and placentation are other causes of IVF failure and recurrent miscarriages. Inherited disorders that expose women to arterial thrombus formation cause early miscarriage. For proven hematological causes of miscarriage, your physician may recommend heparin and aspirin to be administered.
Immune Disorders
The immune system can attack a growing fetus in the womb when a woman has immune disorders like SLE (lupus) or antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). When a woman has an autoimmune disease, she produces antibodies that may cause clotting in the blood vessels that lead to the womb. The growing fetus is deprived of growth nutrients, and this results in a miscarriage. If you’ve had more than three miscarriages due to immune disorders, your physician can recommend daily aspirin and heparin therapy to manage the condition. Heparin has anticoagulant properties and can help in preventing blood clotting.
Uterine Abnormalities
Abnormalities in the uterus can cause early and repeated miscarriage. Any structural issues like Asherman’s syndrome, bicornuate uterus, and septate uterus increase the risk of having a miscarriage. Septate uterus is the most common of all uterine abnormalities and is highly connected to recurring miscarriage. When a mother has septate uterus abnormality, the uterus develops a wall of tissue separating it into two sections. Growths like fibroids and polyps can cause recurring miscarriages. You can also have a miscarriage when you have scars in the uterus. Your physician will recommend surgery to remove the scars in the uterus before conception.
Environmental Issues
Your environment is a risk factor in keeping the pregnancy. A mother is at risk of having a miscarriage when exposed to drugs like cigarettes, chemicals, x-rays, alcohol, and some medicine. Other factors related to lifestyle, like drinking alcohol, excessive use of caffeine, and smoking cigarettes, can cause early miscarriage. Gaining too much weight or obesity can also harm you and the fetus. Some unavoidable environmental factors like work relations and exposure to chemicals may increase the risk of miscarriage.
Paternal Factors
Recurrent pregnancy loss can occur in mothers due to sperm quality issues. Paternal factors can result in miscarriage within the first trimester of pregnancy. If the growing fetus gets too much or too little genetic material, it can cause miscarriage. If the male sperm or female eggs show some chromosomal abnormalities, the doctor may recommend genetic testing and in vitro fertilization. This will help to combat an abnormal chromosome and lower the risk of miscarriage in the first trimester.
Meet With a Physician for IVF Failure
If you have experienced several miscarriages, there is still hope for you. You can visit a doctor for diagnosis and treatment. The treatment options for recurring miscarriage depend on the actual cause, and that may include medication, change of lifestyle, hormonal therapy, counseling, and in vitro fertilization. There are specialists with experience in IVF failure management. IVF specialists are ready to support you and help you face all the challenges of having a baby if you have had a miscarriage. Contact a physician today for a recurring pregnancy diagnosis and treatment.
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